Data speak to see how much China contributes to emission reduction
2021-11-09
As the world's largest developing country, China will complete the reduction of the world's highest carbon emission intensity in about 30 years and realize the transition from carbon peak to carbon neutralization in the shortest time in global history. China's goal reflects its greatest ambition. The data do not lie. China's contribution to global emission reduction is obvious to all. This not only means that China is making arduous efforts, but also fully reflects China's role as a big country in dealing with climate change. 30 years - the shortest time in history Developed countries have discharged disorderly in the process of industrialization over the past 200 years and bear unshirkable historical responsibility for global climate change, which is the general consensus of the international community. Among them, the United States is the country with the largest cumulative greenhouse gas emissions in the world, and its per capita carbon emissions are 3.3 times the global average. In contrast, as a large manufacturing country, China's per capita carbon emission is less than half of that of the United States, and its per capita historical cumulative emission is about one eighth of that of the United States. According to the data, the historical maximum of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States was 23.44 tons per capita, while the per capita emissions in the United States in 2018 was 16.85 tons, while the figure in China was 7.56 tons. The world's major developed economies have reached the carbon peak. Britain, France, Germany and the European Union reached the carbon peak as early as the 1970s. The United States and Japan reached the carbon peak in 2007 and 2013 respectively, and all achieved "natural peak" with the evolution of development stage and the transfer of high-carbon industries. On September 22, 2020, China announced that it would increase its national independent contribution, strive to reach the peak of carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutralization by 2060. According to the announced goals of various countries, from carbon peak to carbon neutralization, the EU will take 71 years, the United States 43 years and Japan 37 years, while China has set itself only 30 years. "Climate change is not just a climate change issue, but is closely related to the country's economy, society, environment, employment and other aspects. This is a systematic project, and a systematic economic and social change is needed to achieve this goal." Xie Zhenhua, China's special envoy for climate change, held the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change here Told reporters at the twenty Sixth Conference of the parties (cop26). More than 50% - contribute to the world's emission reduction In order to achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, China is not only saying, but also doing it. According to the data released by the world bank, since 2005, China's cumulative energy saving accounts for more than 50% of the world. The emission reduction measures taken by various countries mainly include improving energy efficiency, optimizing energy structure, developing renewable energy, adjusting industrial structure and developing forest carbon sink. "Generally speaking, from 2005 to 2020, China's contributions in relevant fields basically account for 30% to 50% of the global total, and its contribution to the world's emission reduction is obvious," Xie Zhenhua said. The white paper "China's policies and actions to deal with climate change" published on October 27 shows that China's carbon emission intensity has decreased significantly while its economy and society are developing continuously and healthily. In 2020, China's carbon emission intensity will be 48.4% lower than that in 2005, exceeding the target of 40% to 45% reduction by 2020 promised by China to the international community, and reducing the cumulative carbon dioxide emission by about 5.8 billion tons, basically reversing the rapid growth of carbon dioxide emission. In addition, China's investment in renewable energy has ranked first in the world for many consecutive years, and the cost of renewable energy is decreasing day by day. China has also built a large number of solar and wind farms. In terms of the production and sales scale of new energy vehicles, China has ranked first in the world for six consecutive years. At present, it has about 6.78 million new energy vehicles, including about 5.52 million electric vehicles. In terms of increasing forest carbon sink, China's forest area and forest stock have maintained "double growth" for 30 consecutive years, becoming the country with the largest growth of forest resources in the world. "1 + n" -- China's conscious action From 2005 to 2020, while China's climate action made significant progress, China's GDP (gross domestic product) increased by more than four times, and the rural poor population decreased by nearly 100 million. Xie Zhenhua said that this shows that in the process of economic and social development, China has begun to embark on a decarbonization path that can achieve coordinated development. Recently, China issued the opinions on completely, accurately and comprehensively implementing the new development concept and doing a good job in carbon peak and carbon neutralization (hereinafter referred to as the opinions). The opinions put forward five main objectives: building a green and low-carbon circular development economic system, improving energy utilization efficiency, increasing the proportion of non fossil energy consumption, reducing carbon dioxide emission level and improving the carbon sink capacity of ecosystem. Specifically, by 2025, an economic system of green and low-carbon circular development will initially take shape, and the energy utilization efficiency of key industries will be greatly improved. By 2030, remarkable achievements will be made in the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, and the energy utilization efficiency of key energy consuming industries will reach the international advanced level. By 2060, an economic system of green low-carbon circular development and a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system will be fully established, the energy utilization efficiency will reach the international advanced level, the proportion of non fossil energy consumption will reach more than 80%, the goal of carbon neutralization will be successfully realized, the construction of ecological civilization will achieve fruitful results, and create a new realm of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. China has also issued the action plan for carbon peak before 2030, which requires that carbon peak should be implemented throughout the whole process and all aspects of economic and social development, focusing on the implementation of green and low-carbon transformation of energy, energy conservation and carbon reduction and efficiency enhancement, carbon peak action in industrial field, carbon peak action in urban and rural construction, green and low-carbon action in transportation, circular economy to help reduce carbon The "top ten carbon summit actions" such as green and low-carbon scientific and technological innovation action, carbon sink capacity consolidation and improvement action, green and low-carbon national action and regional echelon and orderly carbon summit action, and make corresponding arrangements for international cooperation and strengthening policy guarantee. Since then, China will successively release implementation plans for key areas such as energy, industry, construction and transportation and key industries such as coal, electric power, steel and cement, introduce safeguard measures such as science and technology, carbon sequestration, taxation and finance, form a "1 + n" policy system of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, and clarify the timetable, road map and construction drawing. As an important goal, addressing climate change is becoming China's conscious action. Zhou Dadi, member of China's national climate change expert committee, said at the forum held during cop26 that in terms of emission reduction, "at present, almost no important meeting in China is not related to the national 'double carbon' goal". (outlook new era)
Edit：He Chuanning Responsible editor：Su Suiyue
Source：Xinhua
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