Huang Yanpei and the centennial of Chinese Vocational Education
2021-10-18
Looking back on the centennial development of modern vocational education in China, we should start with Mr. Huang Yanpei. He devoted all his life to advocating, researching, testing and popularizing vocational education. In the long-term exploration of vocational education theory and practice, he formed a relatively complete ideological and theoretical system of modern and contemporary vocational education in China. As early as 1914, as a reporter, Huang Yanpei visited Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces to investigate the local education situation and the social demand for talents. Later, he visited the United States, Japan, the Philippines and other countries. During the inspection, Huang Yanpei deeply felt that the disadvantages of China's old education lie in the separation of education and occupation, and the disconnection between school and society. He was determined to take the rise and fall of the country as his own responsibility, devote himself to education, arouse the people, and advocate a new form of education integrating education and occupation. After returning from educational investigation at home and abroad, Huang Yanpei carefully sorted and studied the materials he investigated, which provided a strong basis for the principles of talent training. He believes that vocational education is the main content of talent training, and widely publicizes his vocational education ideas and theories, which has been widely endorsed and supported by people of insight everywhere. On May 6, 1917, Huang Yanpei, together with Cai Yuanpei, Liang Qichao, Zhang Jian and other 48 people, initiated the establishment of China Vocational Education Society in Shanghai. China vocational education society extensively investigates the educational, economic and social conditions at home and abroad, and carries out vocational education practice. On May 15, 1918, on the basis of China Vocational Education Society, Huang Yanpei and other patriots founded the first vocational school in modern China, so it was named "Vocational" and was known as the "most experimental school" - China Vocational School (now Nanjing University of Technology), which opened a century of wind and rain course of modern vocational school education in China. At the beginning of its establishment, China vocational school only set up three subjects: ironwork, carpentry and buttons, and gradually formed three major categories: machinery, civil engineering and business. It has trained a large number of practical talents and made positive contributions to the development of national industry and Commerce and solving people's livelihood problems. Patriotism and dedication are the first essence of the talent training goal of China vocational school. During the Anti Japanese war in Songhu, teachers and students raised funds and donated materials. After the full outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, the school moved to Chongqing and trained a large number of young patriots who went to the front line of the Anti Japanese war. Outstanding alumni of the school Jiang Zhuyun (sister Jiang), Xu Xiaoxuan and Peng Liren are all revolutionary martyrs recorded in history. In 1952, Huang Yanpei served as vice premier of the State Council and Minister of the Ministry of light industry. Under the guidance of the policy of "turning private into public", China vocational school was officially handed over to the Ministry of light industry. In 1960, the school moved to Nanjing and changed its name to Nanjing electromechanical school. In 1999, the University was upgraded to a higher vocational college and renamed Nanjing Industrial Vocational and technical college. In September 2019, with the approval of the Ministry of education, the University became the first public undergraduate Vocational College in China. In June 2020, it was renamed Nanjing University of technology. From China Vocational Education Society to China vocational school, Huang Yanpei has been committed to advocating, researching, testing and popularizing vocational education. In the long-term exploration of vocational education theory and practice, he has formed a relatively complete ideological and theoretical system of modern Chinese vocational education. The vocational education ideal of "making the unemployed have a career and the employed enjoy a career", the school running concept of "using both hands and brain and both hands are omnipotent", the education and training policy of "respecting industry and happy group, responsibility first and benefit later", the teaching method of "integration of theory and practice and integration of doing and learning", the moral education standard of "golden personality and iron discipline", the teaching principle of "respecting personality and teaching students according to their aptitude", and the teaching principle of "truth must be sought in reason and truth must be sought in things" The value orientation of "keeping pace with the times and innovating bravely" together constitute the essence of Huang Yanpei's vocational education thought. In 2017, general secretary Xi Jinping gave a congratulatory letter to China occupation education society, which was 100th anniversary. Under the new situation, the Chinese occupation education society should make further contributions to the development of occupation education in China and achieve the goal of "two two years" and realize the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In the past hundred years of China's vocational education, Huang Yanpei, as the founder, put forward a series of proposals for the development of vocational education on the basis of long-term research and practice. Up to now, it still shines with the brilliance of thought and wisdom, which has played an important enlightening role in the reform and development of vocational education, and can also provide important guidance for the school running practice of vocational colleges. (outlook new era)
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