Study military affairs, war and war -- grasp the evolution context of war cognitive space

2022-05-24

Grasp the evolution of war cognitive space ■ Wang Zhe, Nie Xiaoli introduction The evolution and change of battle space is the wind vane of the evolution of war form. War has entered the era of intelligence, and cognitive space has gradually become a new battlefield for big countries. Relying on emerging technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, data acquisition methods have become increasingly abundant, information processing means have been continuously expanded, and knowledge application methods have become more flexible, leading to profound changes in war cognitive space. Combing the behavior characteristics, action categories and confrontation styles of cognitive activities, and then grasping the development trend, evolution path and target trend of cognitive space is the key to find out the winning mechanism of intelligent war. Cognitive style highlights consensus and initiative "Consensus initiative" is a concept put forward by French biologist Pierre in 1959. It was originally used to describe the cluster intelligent behavior of a single ant with almost no wisdom. Without planned organization, centralized control or even direct communication with each other, the group cooperates to build a complex structure nest. Scientific research shows that the use of artificial intelligence technology can simulate similar complex behaviors and realize the autonomous cooperation between weapon systems or combat units. This bionic idea in the process of intelligent war has also produced a new cognitive mode - consensus initiative cognition, which has gradually become a significant feature of war cognition in the era of intelligence. The network deployment of cognitive subjects is the foundation. In the cognition of consensus initiative, "common" is the premise. Only when cognition comes together and negotiates with each other can consensus be reached. However, without the network distribution of cognitive subjects, cognition can not be pluralistic collection, collision and interaction, and high-quality consensus can not be formed. In the future battlefield, the interconnection between people, people and machines, machines and machines will become the norm. Cognitive subjects can not only interconnect at the data and information level, but also carry out experience exchange and knowledge sharing at the cognitive level. Relying on the network, the cognition from different combat fields, different combat systems and elements is gathered together, which provides the basis for the cognition of biological consensus initiative of war system simulation. In fact, the transformation of foreign forces from "killing chain" to "killing network" in recent years can be regarded as the practical application of the networked deployment of cognitive subjects. When the detection satellite, reconnaissance equipment, command and control system and firepower unit have intelligent cognitive ability, various cognitive subjects with relatively fixed positions that undertake observation, judgment, decision-making and action tasks on the killing link can break up and rearrange, independently combine and arrange on the spot to form a new link. The staggered and interspersed multiple links show a network structure, which overcomes the shortcomings of limited cognitive range and low execution efficiency under the traditional chain structure, It lays the foundation for agility, flexibility and efficient killing. Differentiated execution of cognitive tasks is the way. For consensus initiative cognition, there is no differentiated cognition. Even if multiple cognitive subjects have cognitive exchange, they still can not form high-quality and valuable consensus. Therefore, cognitive subjects widely distributed in land, sea, air, space, electricity and network can independently generate different types of cognition; Some complex and obscure cognition can be quickly decomposed into several concise and clear subtasks, which can be executed by different subjects; Many cognitive subjects at the bottom and edge can realize the orderly flow, integration and optimization of cognitive tasks through active communication with each other. Consensus initiative can "emerge" from the bottom up without centralized control. Taking the concept of "mosaic warfare" as an example, each element system in the combat system seems to be loose and low-cost, but it is actually pursuing the independent interaction between different systems. Once many fragments are successfully spliced, the so-called "mosaic pattern" - an intelligent combat system with dynamic coordination and high adaptability can be formed. Consensus building of cognitive results is the goal. Cognition serves decision-making. Only by forming consensus can efficient decision-making be generated. In traditional warfare, different people have differences in knowledge structure, emotion and will, and the cognitive results are inevitably subjective and one-sided. On the contrary, the intelligent combat system helps to unify cognition and form consensus around combat objectives by actively releasing cognitive information, realizing the complementarity of cognitive advantages and disadvantages horizontally and implementing multi-point cross verification vertically. The combat system with consensus will be more adaptive and flexible. When the target appears, it can be retracted independently, and when the task changes, it can be adjusted according to the situation. It will be dissolved quickly after the battle. Spatial types tend to be digital intelligence twins Intelligent technology has triggered the trend of human brain computerization and machine brain humanization, promoted the expansion of cognitive subjects from natural people to new objects such as intelligent machines, and extended cognitive tools from human brain to new technologies such as intelligent algorithms. The combination of different cognitive subjects and cognitive tools promotes the continuous expansion of the boundary of war cognitive space, more diverse types and richer connotation. Physiological space of human brain. Embodied cognition theory holds that cognition originates from the brain tissue of natural people. In the process of human brain perceiving the external world, the fields and categories affected by cognitive activities such as emotion, will, belief and values constitute the traditional cognitive space - human brain physiological space. The physiological space of human brain has fuzzy boundary, and there is no clear boundary in ideology, cultural tradition and historical belief; It has the complexity of activities, both relying on logical deductive reasoning and experience based experience summary mode; It has lasting influence. Whether it is psychological confusion, memory erasure, moral crisis or belief loss, it takes a long time, and it is difficult to produce immediate results in the short term. Although human brain physiological space is synonymous with cognitive space in the traditional sense, its unique intuitive impression, empirical thinking and innovative inspiration are still the core field of war decision-making art for thousands of years. Machine brain space. On the intelligent battlefield, when the human brain cannot process more and more external and rapidly changing massive information in time, it is bound to hand over some cognitive tasks to intelligent machines. In this way, the cognitive subject began to migrate from human to machine. When the machine has the thinking and cognitive functions similar to those in the human brain, the machine brain space is naturally formed. Many studies have shown that the graph neural network technology integrating deep learning and graph computing theory has helped machines have cognitive abilities close to human brain, such as learning and thinking. However, the cognitive activities in machine brain space depend heavily on intelligent technology. Digital intelligence twin space. Digital intelligence twin space refers to a cognitive meta cosmic space formed between human brain and machine by relying on digital twin, virtual augmented reality and other technologies. The twin space of digital intelligence is full of cognitive models and twin data of combat entities such as combatants, weapons and equipment, strategic ideas, campaign actions and tactical actions, so that machines can arbitrarily scale or even distort brain cognition; Similarly, the deep-seated laws of war activities hidden in the human brain and machine brain can be displayed through twin data model or reverse feedback, bringing new experience to war cognition. Digital intelligence twin space is the product of the deep integration, coupling, correlation and superposition of human brain cognition and machine cognition, which promotes the original machine controlled by human beings to the status of combat partner parallel to human beings. The hybrid grouping of autonomous / semi autonomous systems and man-machine cooperative operation have gradually become the norm in the future battlefield. The operational style emphasizes dimension reduction and upgrading The transformation of cognitive style and the expansion of cognitive boundary promote cognitive power to gradually surpass information power and mechanical power and become the leading factor of combat power, which provides opportunities and challenges for the development of cognitive space combat style. Cognitive space confrontation can bypass the traditional physical and information space and directly attack the cognitive level; Through the dimensionality reduction and disability of emotion and will, seeking cognitive victory has become the norm of war. The combat target has changed from "savage seizing power" to "smart seizing knowledge". Different from the competition for land, sea and air control and information control in traditional operations, cognitive space confrontation emphasizes the "light and dark" competition for cognitive power. In order to achieve this goal, we can openly take the "Ming war" to improve our own cognition, so as to narrow the cognitive gap, avoid cognitive misleading, eliminate the cognitive blind spot, make correct decisions and judgments and take strong actions; It can also secretly create and output deviation information to interfere with the thinking mode, consume the fighting will and disintegrate the cognitive structure, so as to make the enemy lose his direction and get into trouble quietly, make it difficult to make timely and efficient decisions, and then delay and slow down his actions. In a series of conflicts that broke out in recent years, the belligerents engaged in fierce exchanges on online social media by means of deep forgery of war pictures and other means. Although these confrontational activities are only the tip of the iceberg in the conflict, their intention to seize the cognitive power of the war system and find another way to carry out the benefits of attack have refreshed our inherent understanding of war. The focus of the task has shifted from "extreme consumption" to "invisible penetration". In the era of intelligence, compared with the hard damage to the effective force of war, the soft killing effect on intangible targets such as emotion and will has become more prominent. In actual combat, public opinion induction and emotional control are often used to narrow the cognitive space, confuse the cognitive object through thinking confrontation and information deception, and use psychological deterrence and will damage to control the cognitive subject, quietly disintegrating, losing and even collapsing the enemy's cognitive power. The adjustment of the mission focus has greatly reduced the threshold for the start of the war. A small statement by both hostile sides may become the "fuse" of cognitive confrontation; Blurring the boundaries of the field of war, from the whole social system to the decision-making link of the human brain will become a confrontation position; If the war is prolonged, it will play a short role in the process of moving the line for several decades. The form of confrontation has changed from "linear confrontation" to "nonlinear game". In traditional operations, the forces of both sides are in a multiple contrast relationship, the confrontation line between the enemy and ourselves is significantly distinguished from the communication front, and the characteristics of line confrontation are obvious. However, the cognition of consensus initiative means "decentralization", the boundary between the center of gravity and the edge of the system is becoming more and more blurred, and the traditional key units responsible for centralized accusations, information and fire strikes no longer exist. For the combat cluster attack supported by consensus initiative cognition, just as removing an ant from the ant colony will not affect the completion of the whole nesting task, the traditional linear combat styles such as "point destruction" and "chain breaking" will not work. Therefore, we should innovate tactics from the perspective of system flexibility and adaptability, implement disintegration strategies for the consensus active cognition mechanism of clusters, change "agile and efficient" to "rigid and inefficient", and change "nonlinear" to "linear"; At the same time, in the organization and application of combat forces, we pay attention to avoiding the real and taking the weak into account, highlight the unexpected in operational planning and decision-making, and emphasize making good use of the situation in shaping advantages, so as to achieve the nonlinear effect of using small and broad forces and rejecting strong forces with weak ones. (outlook new era)

Edit:Luo yu    Responsible editor:Wang xiao jing

Source:81.cn

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